Explore by Therapeutic Category
Review therapeutic classes and commonly utilized interventions to support practical decision-making and increase awareness of available treatment strategies.
Immunomodulation
Topical agents targeting the inflammatory cycle of dry eye disease and ocular surface inflammation.
What Are My Options?
Beyond pharmacologic therapy, a range of procedural, device-based, and biologic interventions are available for ocular surface and dry eye disease. The following modalities represent options that can be reasonably discussed with patients or referred for today.
Punctal Occlusion
Amniotic Membrane Therapy
Contact Lens-Based Rehabilitation
Advanced Biologics
Pharmacologic Agents
Xiidra®
lifitegrast ophthalmic solution 5%
Xiidra is an LFA-1 antagonist that interrupts the T-cell–mediated inflammatory cycle central to dry eye disease. It is the first ophthalmic drug approved with this mechanism of action and the first approved for both signs and symptoms of DED.
Restasis®
cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05%
Restasis was the first FDA-approved prescription dry eye therapy in the United States. It delivers cyclosporine via an oil-in-water emulsion and is believed to increase tear production in patients whose production is suppressed by ocular surface inflammation.
Cequa®
cyclosporine ophthalmic solution 0.09%
Cequa delivers cyclosporine via a nanomicellar aqueous formulation designed to enhance drug solubility and corneal penetration. It provides a higher cyclosporine concentration than Restasis in an aqueous vehicle.
Vevye®
cyclosporine ophthalmic solution 0.1%
Vevye is a water-free, perfluorocarbon-based cyclosporine formulation providing the highest commercially available cyclosporine concentration (0.1%) in a novel vehicle designed to improve tolerability and corneal penetration.